Editing IPv6

== Address Space ==

[http://www.denis.lemire.name/media/IPv6%20Address%20Space.pdf http://www.denis.lemire.name/images/wiki/ipv6-address-space.png]

=== Allocation and Assignments ===

Minimum direct allocation is currently /32.

ISP assignments are as follows:

* /64 when it is known that one and only one subnet is needed.
* /56 for small sites, those expected to need only a few subnets over the next 5 years.
* /48 for larger sites



=== Addresses Space Size ===

* 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 unique IPs
* 42,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 IPs in '''2000::/3''' (1/8<sup>th</sup> of total address space)
* 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 IPs in a '''/48'''
* 536,870,912 '''/32''' prefixes within '''2000::/3'''
* 65,536 '''/48''' prefixes with a '''/32'''
* 65,536 '''/64''' subnets within a '''/48'''
* 35,184,372,088,832 '''/48''' prefixes within '''2000::/3'''
* 8,192 IPv6 '''/48''' prefixes for every IPv4 address in '''2000::/3''' alone.
* 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 IPs within a '''/64''' subnet

=== Special Prefixes ===

* ::/8
** ::/128 - Unspecified
** ::1/128 - loopback (IPv4 127/8 equivalent)
** ::ffff:0:0/96 - IPv4 mapped addresses
* 2000::/3 - IANA Global Unicast
** 2001::/32 - Teredo (RFC-4380)
** 2001:10::/28 - Orchid (RFC-4843)
** 2002::/16 - 6to4
* FC00::/7 - unique local addresses
** FC00::/8 is to be managed by a so-called "ULA-Central" for assigned /48s. As of 9-2007, this body has yet to be formed.
** FD00::/8 is allocated by appending a randomly-generated 40-bit string, to derive a valid /48. RFC4193 offers a suggestion on how to do the random generation, to try to guarantee a minimum-quality result if the user does not have access to a good source of random numbers.
* FE80::/10 - link-local addresses (169.254/16 equivalent)
* FECO::/10 - site-local (deprecated)
* FF00::/8 - multicast

The remaining prefixes are all reserved for future Unicast allocations.

=== Multicast Addresses ===

Multicast addresses exist within the '''FF00::/8'' prefix.

* '''FF02::1''' - all v6 hosts on local subnet (IPv4 equivalent 224.0.0.1)
* '''FF02::2''' - all v6 routers on local subnet (IPv4 equivalent 224.0.0.2)

== Protocol Translation Mechanisms ==

* ''faithd'' can be used to translate on a per service basis.
* ''ptrtd'' is a similar and better solution, but only appears to run on Linux at this time.
* ''NAT-PT'' is also an option but it has been deprecated.
* Using one of the above, ''totd'' is still required to translate DNS.

== MAC to EUI64 ==

A MAC address is 48 bit wide, but we need a 64bit host ID in EUI64 format. The transformation is actually quite easy:

# take the MAC of the network device (eg. 00:e0:81:2e:b6:d1)
# flip bit 2 of the first byte (02:e0:81:2e:b6:d1)
# insert FFFE in the middle (02:e0:81:FF:FE:2e:b6:d1)
# combine with the network prefix into an IPv6 address (fe80::2e0:81FF:FE2e:b6d1)

== Useful or Interesting Links ==

* [https://6to4.nro.net/ IPv6 6to4 Reverse DNS Delegation - The Number Resource Organization]
* [http://bgp.he.net/ipv6-progress-report.cgi Global IPv6 Deployment Progress Report]
* [http://ipv6gate.sixxs.net/ SixXS IPv6 to IPv4 and IPv4 to IPv6 Website Gateway]
* [http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/onlamp/2001/03/02/ipv6_ItoJun.html IPv6: An Interview with Itojun]
* [http://www.kame.net/~suz/gen-ula.html Generate Unique Local Address]
* [http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/ IPv4 Address Report]
* [http://www.kame.net/~suz/freebsd-ipv6-config-guide.txt IPv6 configuration guide for FreeBSD users]

== History ==

{|
! Date !! Relevance
|-
| Mar 1996 || 6bone started
|-
|Jan  1, 2004 || 6bone prefix allocations halted.
|-
|Jul 20, 2004 || Experimented with Freenet6 and Hurricane Electric tunnels
|-
|Jun  6, 2006 || 6bone prefix phased out (3FFE::/16)
|-
|Oct 15, 2007 || IPv6 6to4 setup
|-
|Dec 17, 2007 || Tera-Byte prefix (2610:78:ad::/48)
|-
|Feb  4, 2008 || IPv6 records added to DNS root
|-
|July 9, 2008 || GoDaddy adds support for IPv6 glue for .com/.net TLDs
|-
|Mar 12, 2008 || Google Accessible via IPv6!
|-
|Jan 19, 2009 || Added IPv6 glue for my name servers (inferno,frosty)
|-
|Feb 3, 2011 || Final five IANA /8 blocks distributed to regional registries.
|-
|Feb 7, 2011 || ThinkTel prefix (2610:1e8:800:100::/56)
|-
|June 2, 2011 || New cable modem is DOCSIS 3, theoretically IPv6 ready.
|-
|June 8, 2011 || World IPv6 day
|-
|June 6, 2012 || World IPv6 Launch
|-
|April 23, 2014 || ARIN Enters Phase Four of the IPv4 Countdown Plan - Final /8
|-
|Sep 24, 2015 || ARIN IPv4 space is exhausted. Rejoice!
|-
|Feb 8, 2016 || The long, long wait is over. My home has native IPv6 via Telus!
|-
|Jan 31, 2017 || I'll get my own damn prefix (2602:ff0d::/36), with blackjack and hookers!
|}